直線(xian)(xian)導軌(gui)(gui)又(you)稱線(xian)(xian)軌(gui)(gui)、滑軌(gui)(gui)、線(xian)(xian)性(xing)導軌(gui)(gui)、線(xian)(xian)性(xing)滑軌(gui)(gui)，用于高(gao)精或高(gao)速直線(xian)(xian)往復運(yun)動場合，且可以承(cheng)擔一定的扭矩，可在高(gao)負載(zai)的情況下實現高(gao)精度的直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)動。

直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)來支撐和(he)(he)引導(dao)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)，按給定的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向做(zuo)往復直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。　直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)軸承主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)化機(ji)械上(shang)比較多,像直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)主要(yao)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)要(yao)求比較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械結構(gou)上(shang),直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)和(he)(he)固定元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)之間不用(yong)(yong)中間介質，而用(yong)(yong)滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)鋼球。可(ke)以理(li)解為(wei)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)導(dao)引，是(shi)由鋼珠在(zai)滑(hua)塊跟導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)之間無限滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)循環， 從(cong)而使負載平臺(tai)沿著(zhu)導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)輕(qing)易(yi)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)線(xian)(xian)性運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，并將摩擦系數降至平常傳統滑(hua)動(dong)(dong)(dong)導(dao)引的(de)(de)(de)五十分之一(yi)，能(neng)輕(qing)易(yi)地達到很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)定位精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)。滑(hua)塊跟導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)間末制單(dan)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)設(she)計，使線(xian)(xian)形導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)同時(shi)承受上(shang)下左(zuo)右等各(ge)方(fang)向的(de)(de)(de)負荷，回(hui)流系統及(ji)精(jing)(jing)簡化的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)設(she)計讓線(xian)(xian)性導(dao)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)有(you)更平順且低噪音的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。

滑塊-使運動由曲線轉變為直(zhi)線。

直(zhi)線(xian)導軌主要(yao)是用在(zai)精(jing)度(du)要(yao)求比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的機(ji)械結構上,直(zhi)線(xian)導軌的移動(dong)元件(jian)和固定元件(jian)之間(jian)不用中間(jian)介(jie)質，而用滾動(dong)鋼(gang)球。因(yin)為滾動(dong)鋼(gang)球適應于高(gao)速運(yun)動(dong)、摩擦系(xi)數小、靈(ling)敏(min)度(du)高(gao)，滿(man)足運(yun)動(dong)部件(jian)的工作要(yao)求，被廣泛應用在(zai)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)機(ji)械上比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)多,像磨床、銑床、車(che)床、檢(jian)測儀器設(she)備、木工機(ji)械、搬(ban)運(yun)機(ji)械、傳(chuan)送裝置、自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)機(ji)械、半(ban)導體機(ji)械、包裝機(ji)械、機(ji)械手臂(bei)、自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)機(ji)床、激光行(xing)業、汽(qi)車(che)制造、新能(neng)源等行(xing)業。